10. Melasma: The Hyperpigmentation Skin Disorder
Dark Patches: The Main Feature of Melasma
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by the development of dark, discolored patches on the skin, usually on the face. It is more common in women and individuals with darker skin tones. The exact cause of melasma is unknown, but it is thought to be related to hormonal fluctuations and an overproduction of melanin.
Hormonal Influences: The Connection Between Melasma and Estrogen
Melasma is often associated with hormonal changes, such as those experienced during pregnancy, the use of birth control pills, or hormone replacement therapy. This has led to the belief that increased estrogen levels play a role in the development of melasma, although the exact mechanism is not yet fully understood.
Sun Exposure: A Trigger for Melasma Flare-ups
Sun exposure is a known trigger for melasma, as ultraviolet (UV) radiation can stimulate the production of melanin in the skin. Wearing broad-spectrum sunscreen and protective clothing, as well as seeking shade when possible, can help prevent melasma from worsening or reoccurring.
Treatment Options: Lightening Agents and Procedures
Treatment for melasma typically involves the use of topical lightening agents, such as hydroquinone, glycolic acid, or kojic acid, to help reduce the appearance of dark patches. In some cases, chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or laser therapy may be recommended to remove the outer layers of discolored skin and promote the growth of new, evenly pigmented skin. It’s essential to work with a dermatologist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your specific case of melasma. (10)
