10. Genetic Factors: The Role of Family History
Finally, genetic factors play a different role in Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism. In Parkinson’s disease, about 10-15% of cases have a genetic component, with specific gene mutations increasing the risk of developing the disease. However, the majority of Parkinson’s disease cases are considered idiopathic, meaning their cause is unknown.
In contrast, the role of genetics in Parkinsonism depends on the specific underlying condition. Some forms of secondary Parkinsonism, such as those induced by medications or toxins, have no genetic component. However, certain atypical Parkinsonism conditions, like multiple system atrophy or progressive supranuclear palsy, may have a genetic predisposition, although the exact relationship between genetics and these conditions is not yet fully understood.
Understanding the differences in genetic factors between Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism can help healthcare providers assess individual risk and guide diagnostic testing when appropriate. (10)
