Fact 3: Root Causes and Risk Factors
The genesis of any disease often lies in a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. GERD is no exception. To understand GERD better, we must delve deep into what sparks its onset and fuels its persistence.
At the heart of GERD is the frequent backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. But what leads to this consistent reflux? One significant reason is the dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES, when working optimally, acts as a one-way valve, letting food pass into the stomach and preventing it from coming back up. A weakened or dysfunctional LES fails in its duty, leading to reflux.
But what weakens the LES? Several factors play a role. Obesity is a prominent one. The extra weight exerts pressure on the stomach, forcing acid into the esophagus. Pregnancy, with its added weight and hormonal fluctuations, can also induce GERD, especially in the latter months.
Dietary habits and choices significantly impact GERD onset and persistence. Large meals, especially when one lies down immediately after eating, are a recipe for reflux. Certain foods and drinks, like caffeine, spicy foods, and carbonated drinks, can also irritate the LES, making it more permissive to acid backflow.(3)
