12. The Spectrum of Symptoms: An Array of NMOSD Manifestations
NMOSD is characterized by its eponymous manifestations, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis. However, the disorder’s impact extends beyond these, presenting a broad spectrum of symptoms that can vary considerably from person to person.
Some individuals with NMOSD might experience what is known as area postrema syndrome. This refers to episodes of hiccups, nausea, or vomiting, which occur due to inflammation in a part of the brain responsible for controlling vomiting.
Another symptom is the so-called “locked-in syndrome,” a condition characterized by almost complete paralysis of voluntary muscles except for those controlling the eyes. While rare, it underlines the potentially severe impact of NMOSD.
Some individuals may also experience symptoms related to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions. These might include altered sweating, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, and difficulties with bowel and bladder control.
Furthermore, fatigue, pain, and depression are common but often overlooked symptoms in NMOSD. These can have a significant impact on quality of life and therefore deserve equal attention and care.
The wide-ranging symptoms of NMOSD emphasize the disorder’s expansive reach, affecting numerous facets of life. Appreciating this broad spectrum is vital in managing NMOSD holistically, aiming for improved overall quality of life, rather than just controlling neurological symptoms. (12)
