Fact 5: Dementia Patients May Express Pain Differently
Pain expression in dementia patients can deviate from conventional indicators. As cognitive decline advances, patients may find it increasingly challenging to communicate their discomfort in familiar ways. This requires healthcare providers and caregivers to be vigilant and understand alternative indicators of pain.
One primary deviation in pain expression is through behavioral changes. An individual with dementia might become more agitated or restless when experiencing pain. They may also exhibit increased confusion or demonstrate behaviors such as hitting or kicking.
Sleep disturbances can also be a key indicator of pain. If a dementia patient who usually sleeps well starts experiencing frequent awakenings or has difficulty falling asleep, it could suggest underlying pain. Similarly, changes in appetite or unexplained weight loss could also be a sign of discomfort.
Another way pain may manifest is through social withdrawal. An individual who is usually sociable might start avoiding interaction due to the discomfort they are experiencing. They may also display signs of depression, such as a persistent low mood, loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy, or increased tearfulness.
Physical signs can also point towards pain. For instance, grimacing, wincing, or guarding a certain body part can be an indication of pain. Similarly, changes in vital signs like an increased heart rate or blood pressure could also suggest discomfort. It’s important for caregivers and healthcare providers to be aware of these alternative pain indicators to ensure appropriate pain management for dementia patients. (5)
