Fact 7: Potential Complications
Left untreated or not managed effectively, esophageal ulcers can lead to severe complications. One of the most significant is bleeding. Over time, the ulcer can erode into the esophagus’s blood vessels, leading to hemorrhage. This can manifest as dark, tarry stools or even vomiting blood.
Another complication is the narrowing or stricture of the esophagus. As the ulcer heals, it can leave behind scar tissue, leading to a narrowing of the esophageal passage. This can hinder the smooth passage of food, causing discomfort and even leading to choking in extreme cases.
Perforation, though rare, is a severe complication. Here, the ulcer progresses to the point where it creates a hole in the esophageal wall. This can lead to infections in the chest cavity, a condition that necessitates immediate medical attention.
Lastly, there’s the risk of Barrett’s esophagus. Chronic acid exposure, often due to untreated GERD, can change the esophagus’s lining type. This condition increases the risk of developing esophageal cancer, underscoring the importance of early detection and management. (7)
