Disease 10. Keratoconus: The Corneal Dilemma
Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition in which the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape. This irregular shape causes light to be refracted incorrectly, leading to distorted and blurry vision, increased sensitivity to light, and difficulty with night vision.
The exact cause of keratoconus is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms typically appear during late adolescence or early adulthood and may include progressively worsening vision, frequent changes in eyeglass prescriptions, and the inability to tolerate contact lenses.
Treatment for keratoconus depends on the severity of the condition. In the early stages, glasses or soft contact lenses may help correct vision. As the condition progresses, rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses, scleral lenses, or hybrid lenses may be required to maintain clear vision. In severe cases, corneal transplant surgery may be necessary.
Regular eye exams can help detect keratoconus early and monitor its progression, allowing for timely intervention and treatment to preserve vision. (8)
