Disease 19. Macular Degeneration: The Age-Related Central Vision Loss
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in people over 50, characterized by the deterioration of the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. There are two types of AMD: dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular). Dry AMD is more common and progresses more slowly, while wet AMD is less common but can cause more severe vision loss.
Symptoms of AMD may include blurry or distorted central vision, difficulty recognizing faces, and a gradual loss of color vision. Early detection and regular monitoring of AMD are essential, as there is currently no cure for the condition. Treatment options for wet AMD include anti-VEGF injections, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy, which can help slow the progression of vision loss.
Preventive measures for AMD include regular eye exams, maintaining a healthy diet rich in antioxidants, and managing risk factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, and obesity.
