Disease 3. Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): The Central Vision Threat
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in people over 50. AMD affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed central vision. The condition can progress slowly or rapidly, causing blurred or distorted vision, making daily tasks like reading and driving difficult.
There are two types of AMD: dry and wet. Dry AMD is the most common form, characterized by the thinning of the macula and the presence of small, yellow deposits called drusen. Wet AMD is less common but more severe, involving the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula that leak fluid or blood, damaging the retina.
Risk factors for AMD include advanced age, family history, smoking, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. While there is no cure for AMD, treatment options can help slow its progression and preserve vision. For dry AMD, a healthy diet rich in antioxidants and certain vitamin supplements can help. Wet AMD may require injections, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy to manage the abnormal blood vessels.
Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection of AMD, as early intervention can significantly impact the preservation of vision. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following your eye care professional’s recommendations, you can reduce the risk of developing AMD or slow its progression. (2)
