Fact 5. ALL Classification: The Subtypes and Their Significance
ALL isn’t a one-size-fits-all diagnosis. Various subtypes exist, primarily based on the type of cell where leukemia originates. This classification isn’t mere medical jargon—it has profound implications for treatment and prognosis.
The primary division is between B-cell and T-cell ALL. The former originates in B-cell precursors, while the latter stems from T-cell precursors. B-cell ALL is more common, but T-cell ALL can be particularly aggressive in its progression.
Subtypes are further determined based on the cell’s maturity stage. This level of granularity aids in tailoring treatments effectively. Some treatments might work better for early-stage B-cell ALL as opposed to mature T-cell ALL.
Genetics further complicates the picture. Specific chromosomal abnormalities can define subtypes. For instance, the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome or specific gene mutations can dictate both the subtype and the treatment’s direction. (5)
