Fact 10: Akathisia and Mental Health Disorders
The relationship between akathisia and mental health disorders is two-fold, complex, and significantly impactful. On the one hand, akathisia is commonly induced by medications used to treat mental health conditions, particularly antipsychotics. On the other hand, the presence of akathisia can exacerbate existing mental health conditions or contribute to new ones.
Firstly, it’s important to note the high prevalence of akathisia among individuals receiving antipsychotic treatment. Antipsychotics are a mainstay in the treatment of severe mental health disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression. However, these medications are also the most common culprits in drug-induced akathisia. Herein lies the conundrum—while antipsychotics can bring much-needed relief from debilitating psychiatric symptoms, they can also lead to the distressing symptoms of akathisia.
Secondly, the effects of akathisia extend beyond physical restlessness. The incessant urge to move, the inability to sit still, the feeling of being “on edge”—these symptoms can significantly heighten anxiety. Over time, this anxiety can morph into a full-fledged anxiety disorder, adding another layer to the individual’s mental health burden.
Moreover, the constant discomfort and distress associated with akathisia can lead to depressive symptoms. This is particularly true for chronic, persistent akathisia, where the relentless symptoms offer no respite. Over time, this can contribute to the development of a depressive disorder, or in individuals with pre-existing depression, it can lead to a worsening of depressive symptoms.
Finally, it’s crucial to mention the potential impact of akathisia on suicidal ideation. The distress caused by akathisia, particularly when it’s chronic, can be so overwhelming that it leads to suicidal thoughts. This association highlights the critical need for prompt diagnosis and effective management of akathisia, especially in individuals with mental health disorders. (10)
