Fact 8: Management and Treatment of Akathisia
Once akathisia is diagnosed, the next step is management and treatment. For drug-induced akathisia, the most straightforward strategy involves adjusting the medication. This adjustment could mean reducing the dosage, changing to a different drug, or, in some cases, discontinuing the medication altogether.
However, this isn’t always feasible, particularly when the causative medication is treating a severe or life-threatening condition. In these situations, adjunct treatments come into play. Beta-blockers, particularly propranolol, have shown efficacy in managing akathisia symptoms. Anticholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, and even certain types of vitamin supplements may also be considered.
A careful balancing act is required in the treatment of akathisia. The healthcare provider must mitigate the akathisia symptoms without compromising the treatment of the underlying condition. For instance, while reducing the dosage of an antipsychotic drug may alleviate akathisia, it may also lead to a resurgence of psychotic symptoms. This delicate balance is where the healthcare provider’s experience and judgment become paramount.
Psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy, can also be a valuable tool in managing akathisia. These therapies can help patients develop coping strategies for the restlessness and discomfort associated with akathisia. This approach is particularly useful in managing the mental health impact of akathisia. (8)
