25. The Stealthy Enigma: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 25 (SCA25)
SCA25, often referred to as the Stealthy Enigma, is another less understood subtype of SCAs. The causative gene for SCA25 is currently unknown, yet it continues to be classified under the SCA umbrella due to its clinical features that echo other SCAs.
Despite being a stealthy enigma, SCA25 shows the usual suspects of ataxia symptoms, including coordination problems and dysarthria. Uncovering the mysteries surrounding SCA25 will undoubtedly enhance our knowledge of the SCA family as a whole.
By being a part of the SCA family, SCA25 highlights the inherent diversity and complexity within this group of neurological disorders.
26. The Tangled Web: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 26 (SCA26)
SCA26, also known as the Tangled Web, results from mutations in the EEF2 gene. This gene is crucial in the process of protein synthesis within cells, and when mutated, it disrupts these essential processes, leading to SCA26.
The typical onset of SCA26 is during adulthood, with symptoms such as unsteady gait, coordination problems, and dysarthria. Unlike other SCAs, SCA26 often includes peripheral neuropathy, a condition characterized by nerve damage outside the brain and spinal cord, in its symptom profile.
Through its unique genetic origin and clinical features, SCA26 weaves its own unique pattern into the intricate web of Spinocerebellar Ataxias.
27. The Hidden Hand: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 27 (SCA27)
SCA27, known as the Hidden Hand, arises due to mutations in the FGF14 gene. This gene, responsible for producing a protein involved in nerve cell communication, when mutated, impairs these vital communication pathways, giving rise to SCA27.
SCA27 typically emerges in childhood or adolescence, with symptoms that encompass poor coordination, tremors, and cognitive impairment. Interestingly, affected individuals may also show emotional and behavioral changes, distinguishing SCA27 from other SCAs.
With its distinct onset age, symptom profile, and genetic basis, SCA27 lends further insight into the broad spectrum of Spinocerebellar Ataxias.
28. The Unseen Puppeteer: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 28 (SCA28)
SCA28, also known as the Unseen Puppeteer, is caused by mutations in the AFG3L2 gene. This gene normally helps produce a protein that aids in the proper functioning of mitochondria, the energy factories of cells. When mutated, it disrupts mitochondrial function, pulling the strings for the onset of SCA28.
The onset of SCA28 typically occurs in childhood, with symptoms including slow eye movements, poor balance, and lack of coordination. The early onset and specific symptom profile add to the unique identity of SCA28 within the SCA family.
Through its particular genetic basis and clinical features, SCA28 adds yet another layer of complexity to the vast spectrum of Spinocerebellar Ataxias. (7)
