Fact 7. Sundowning: As Day Turns to Night in Dementia
When the sun starts to set, a peculiar phenomenon can occur in individuals with dementia, known as sundowning. This term refers to the increase in confusion, agitation, and restlessness that usually happens late in the afternoon and into the night. While the exact cause remains unknown, sundowning can drastically affect a dementia patient’s routine and quality of life.
As daylight dwindles, so does the demeanor of those affected by sundowning. They may become restless, irritable, and disoriented. Some might wander, pace, or even become aggressive. These behavioral changes can be distressing for both the individual experiencing them and the caregivers witnessing them.
Theories abound as to why sundowning occurs. Some suggest it’s due to changes in the body’s internal clock, which regulates sleep and waking patterns. As dementia progresses, this internal clock can become disrupted, leading to symptoms of sundowning. Another theory posits that the accumulation of sensory stimulation throughout the day can lead to an overload, resulting in increased confusion and agitation in the evening.
Although sundowning can be challenging to manage, several strategies can help alleviate its impact. Sticking to a regular schedule, encouraging daytime activity, and limiting evening stimulation can help regulate the body’s internal clock. Light therapy, which involves exposure to artificial light, may also be beneficial in realigning the body’s circadian rhythms. (7)
