12. The Trojan Horse: The Role of Autoimmune Reaction in HSE
In some cases of HSE, the body’s own immune system turns into a traitor. An autoimmune reaction, where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy brain cells, can contribute to the severity of the disease. This ‘friendly fire’ adds a new layer of complexity to the HSE narrative.
This autoimmune reaction can be triggered by the presence of the virus in the brain, leading the immune system to launch an attack. However, in the process, healthy brain cells can also become casualties. This can exacerbate the disease’s symptoms and complicate its management.
Understanding the role of this autoimmune reaction in HSE isn’t just a scientific curiosity. It has direct implications for the treatment approach. For instance, in cases where an autoimmune reaction is identified, immunosuppressive therapy may be necessary alongside antiviral treatment.
However, distinguishing an autoimmune reaction from the viral infection itself is challenging. Both can cause similar symptoms and inflammation. Consequently, this aspect of HSE remains a difficult terrain to navigate in clinical practice. (12)
