3. Swelling of the Legs and Ankles: A Telltale Sign of Fluid Retention
People with cardiac amyloidosis often experience swelling, or edema, in their legs and ankles. Edema occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the tissues and causes them to swell.
In the case of cardiac amyloidosis, the build-up of amyloid protein in the heart can make it difficult for the organ to pump blood effectively, which leads to fluid accumulation in the legs and ankles. This swelling can be uncomfortable and painful, and can make it difficult for people with cardiac amyloidosis to perform daily activities or walk.
Diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis can be challenging because its symptoms are similar to those of other heart conditions. Doctors may use a variety of tests to diagnose the condition, including a physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and biopsy. A biopsy, which involves removing a small sample of heart tissue, is often the most definitive way to diagnose cardiac amyloidosis.
Treatment for cardiac amyloidosis typically involves managing the symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. In some cases, medications such as diuretics or ACE inhibitors can be used to reduce fluid accumulation and relieve swelling in the legs and ankles. In other cases, treatment may involve managing heart failure with medications such as beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).
In some cases, the swelling may extend to the abdomen, causing a condition known as ascites. This fluid accumulation can cause discomfort, bloating, and an increased waist circumference. Fluid retention may also lead to weight gain, despite a stable or decreasing appetite. It’s important to monitor these symptoms and consult a healthcare professional if they persist or worsen. (3)
