Symptom 13. The Silent Warning: Gynecomastia in Men
Gynecomastia, a condition characterized by the enlargement of breast tissue in men, might seem an unexpected symptom associated with liver disease. Yet, it’s one of the unusual signs indicating the presence of cirrhosis, a grave warning that should not be taken lightly.
The liver plays a vital role in hormone regulation, particularly the balance between estrogens and androgens (male hormones). When the liver is in a diseased state, this fine balance can tip, leading to an excess of estrogen or a shortage of androgens. Consequently, increased estrogen influences the growth of breast tissue, resulting in gynecomastia.
Gynecomastia can manifest as a small lump under the nipple, which may be tender or painful. In some cases, both breasts might enlarge symmetrically, or one breast may be larger than the other. Additionally, the nipple and the areola (the darker skin surrounding the nipple) may appear puffy or distended. (13)
