2. Impact on Personality, Behavior, and Language
A second distinguishing characteristic of Frontotemporal Dementia, setting it apart from other forms of dementia like Alzheimer’s, is the way it primarily manifests through changes in personality, behavior, and language. The reason for this lies in the areas of the brain that FTD affects – the frontal and temporal lobes.
The frontal lobes are involved in many higher cognitive functions, including problem-solving, planning, social behavior, and expressive language. The temporal lobes, on the other hand, are crucial for understanding language and forming long-term memories. Therefore, when these regions are impacted by FTD, the resulting symptoms can be strikingly different from those seen in types of dementia that primarily affect memory.
Many patients with FTD first come to medical attention due to changes in their behavior or language. They may become socially inappropriate, impulsive, or emotionally flat. They may also experience language problems, including difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing.
Some patients may exhibit obsessive behaviors or dietary changes, such as overeating or a sudden liking for sweet foods. These symptoms can be distressing for both the individual and their loved ones, often leading to misunderstandings and social isolation. (2)
