Fact 5: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Levels – A Prognostic Beacon
Within the complex realm of HCC prognosis, certain biomarkers emerge as guiding stars. Among these, Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels stand out. AFP is a protein produced by the liver, and its levels can provide valuable insights into the state of HCC.
For starters, an elevated AFP level might indicate the presence or recurrence of HCC. It’s often used in conjunction with imaging studies to confirm a diagnosis or to monitor treatment efficacy. While not all HCC patients will have increased AFP, a significant proportion will, making it a vital tool in the diagnostic toolkit.
But it’s not just about diagnosis. High AFP levels can also shed light on the cancer’s aggressiveness. In many cases, an elevated AFP correlates with advanced disease stages, vascular invasion, and even poorer overall survival rates.
However, AFP isn’t a standalone marker. It’s crucial to consider it as part of a broader diagnostic approach. Other factors, such as liver function tests, imaging results, and the patient’s overall health, play pivotal roles in shaping the HCC prognosis. (5)
