9. Infectious Diseases Beyond Parasites: A Broad Spectrum
Infections caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi can also lead to eosinophilia. This section explores the various types of infectious diseases that can cause an increase in eosinophil count, the body’s response to these infections, and the implications for treatment and management.
While parasitic infections are the most common infectious cause of eosinophilia, other pathogens can also trigger an eosinophilic response. This includes certain viral and fungal infections. The body’s immune system responds to these infections by increasing the production of eosinophils, aiming to combat the infection.
Various viruses, bacteria, and fungi can cause eosinophilia. For example, certain fungal infections like aspergillosis can trigger an eosinophilic response, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Similarly, some viral infections, such as those caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), can also lead to eosinophilia.
The symptoms of eosinophilia due to infections can vary widely depending on the type of infection. They can range from respiratory symptoms in the case of fungal infections to general malaise and fever in viral infections. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment of eosinophilia caused by infections involves addressing the underlying infectious agent. This may include antifungal, antiviral, or antibiotic medications, depending on the type of infection. Controlling the infection typically leads to a reduction in eosinophil levels and improvement in symptoms. (9)
