Fact 7: The Different Types of Thyroid Cancer
Diving into the types of thyroid cancer, it’s essential to understand that thyroid cancer isn’t a one-size-fits-all diagnosis. Just as breast cancer and lung cancer have different types, so too does thyroid cancer. Each type of thyroid cancer has its unique characteristics, treatment methods, and prognosis.
The four main types of thyroid cancer are papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic. Papillary thyroid cancer, which accounts for about 80% of all thyroid cancer cases, generally grows slowly but can often spread to lymph nodes in the neck. Despite its potential to spread, papillary thyroid cancer responds well to treatment, contributing to a high survival rate.
Next up is follicular thyroid cancer, the second most common type. Follicular thyroid cancer is more likely to spread to distant parts of the body, such as the lungs or bones. However, it’s important to note that this type is still highly treatable, especially when detected early.
Then we have medullary thyroid cancer, a less common form that starts in the thyroid’s C cells, which produce the hormone calcitonin. Elevated levels of calcitonin in the blood can indicate medullary thyroid cancer, even before symptoms appear. Early detection allows for a more successful treatment outcome.
Finally, anaplastic thyroid cancer, though extremely rare, is the most aggressive type. It spreads quickly to other parts of the body and often resists treatment.
Understanding these different types of thyroid cancer is crucial for individuals who have been diagnosed, as it helps them understand their prognosis and treatment plan better. This knowledge can also be beneficial for those with a family history of thyroid cancer or other risk factors, helping them stay informed about the potential warning signs and treatments for each type. (7)
