Type 23: Cluster Headache
Cluster headaches are a rare but extremely painful type of headache, characterized by sudden, severe pain that is usually localized around one eye or temple. The pain is often described as a burning or stabbing sensation, and attacks can last anywhere from 15 minutes to three hours. Cluster headaches occur in clusters, with multiple attacks happening daily or weekly for a period of time, followed by a period of remission.
The exact cause of cluster headaches is not well understood, but they are thought to involve abnormal activity in the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that controls the body’s internal clock. Cluster headaches can be triggered by various factors, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, or changes in sleep patterns.
Treatment for cluster headaches focuses on managing pain and preventing future attacks. Over-the-counter pain relievers are generally ineffective for cluster headaches; instead, prescription medications, such as sumatriptan or oxygen therapy, may be used to alleviate pain during an attack. Preventive medications, like calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, or anticonvulsants, can also be prescribed to reduce the frequency and severity of cluster headaches.
Lifestyle modifications, including avoiding known triggers and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, can help prevent cluster headaches. It is crucial to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a tailored treatment plan for managing cluster headaches effectively. (23)
