Fact 14: HLH in Adults – Unfolding the Challenges and Perspectives
Although HLH can affect individuals of any age, it is traditionally associated with the pediatric population. However, the recognition of HLH in adults is growing. Adult HLH, while sharing the same underlying pathophysiology, presents a different set of challenges compared to pediatric HLH.
Adult HLH often presents with non-specific symptoms, which can lead to delays in diagnosis. Moreover, the disease can mimic several other conditions common in adults, such as malignancies and autoimmune diseases. This can lead to a diagnostic dilemma, potentially delaying the initiation of appropriate treatment.
Treatment considerations for adult HLH can also be complex. Adult patients may have other comorbidities that can affect treatment choices and responses. The risk of complications and side effects from aggressive treatment strategies can also be higher in adults, necessitating careful monitoring and management.
The prognosis for adult HLH can be more variable compared to pediatric cases. Some adults with HLH may experience a single episode and recover with appropriate treatment, while others may have a more chronic and recurrent course of the disease. (14)
