Symptom 5. Breathing Difficulties: When Thyroglossal Duct Cysts Impact Respiration
While not as common, breathing difficulties can occur with thyroglossal duct cysts, particularly if the cyst grows large enough to obstruct the airway. This symptom is more common in young children who have smaller airways compared to adults. A large cyst can significantly narrow the airway, making it difficult for the child to breathe, especially during activities that require increased oxygen supply, such as physical exertion or play.
Breathing difficulties associated with thyroglossal duct cysts often present as noisy breathing, also known as stridor. This symptom is a high-pitched, wheezing sound that is most noticeable when the individual is inhaling.
It occurs due to the turbulent airflow caused by the narrowed airway. As the cyst continues to grow, the stridor can become more pronounced and might be accompanied by additional signs of respiratory distress, such as rapid breathing, chest retractions, and bluish discoloration of the lips or face.
In more severe cases, the cyst can potentially block the airway completely, leading to a life-threatening condition known as acute airway obstruction. Although rare, this situation requires immediate medical attention and usually involves an emergency surgical procedure to remove the cyst and restore normal breathing. (5)
