8. Long-Term Complications of Unmanaged Type 2 Diabetes
Unmanaged type 2 diabetes can lead to a host of long-term complications, affecting nearly every organ system in the body. These complications arise primarily from prolonged high blood sugar levels, which can damage blood vessels and nerves.
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most serious complications, including heart attack, stroke, and hypertension. Diabetes accelerates the hardening and narrowing of arteries, increasing the risk of these conditions.
Diabetic neuropathy, or nerve damage, is another common complication. It most often affects the feet and legs, leading to pain, tingling, and loss of sensation. This can increase the risk of foot ulcers and infections, potentially leading to amputations if not properly managed.
Diabetes can also affect the kidneys, leading to diabetic nephropathy. This condition can progress to kidney failure, requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation. Regular screening for kidney function is essential for early detection and intervention.
Eye complications, including diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma, can lead to vision loss if not detected and treated early. Regular eye exams are crucial for those with diabetes.
These long-term complications underscore the importance of managing blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol. By controlling these factors, the risk of complications can be significantly reduced.
Managing type 2 diabetes and preventing complications requires a comprehensive approach. This includes lifestyle changes, medication, regular check-ups, and screenings. The goal is to keep blood sugar levels within a target range, minimizing the risk of complications and improving quality of life. (8)
