7. Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is another potential cause of hypochromic microcytic anemia. The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. In individuals with CKD, the kidneys’ ability to produce EPO is impaired, leading to decreased red blood cell production and anemia.
Treatment for anemia associated with CKD often involves the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), which mimic the effects of EPO to increase red blood cell production. In some cases, iron supplementation may also be necessary to ensure sufficient iron levels for red blood cell production.
Managing the underlying kidney disease is crucial for addressing CKD-related anemia. This may involve dietary modifications, medications to control blood pressure and manage complications, and in severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation. (5)
