Symptom 5: Breathlessness
Breathlessness or shortness of breath in DKD is an indirect symptom that can have a significant impact. It often arises from two primary conditions associated with kidney disease: fluid buildup in the lungs and anemia. Both of these conditions are linked to the declining function of the kidneys and can significantly impair respiratory efficiency.
In DKD, the kidneys’ ability to regulate fluid balance is compromised, leading to fluid retention. This excess fluid can accumulate in various parts of the body, including the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary edema. When fluid gathers in the lung tissues, it reduces the lungs’ capacity to expand during breathing, leading to a feeling of breathlessness.
Anemia, a common complication of DKD, also contributes to breathlessness. Due to reduced red blood cell production, less oxygen is available to be transported to the body’s tissues, including the muscles involved in breathing. This lack of oxygen can cause shortness of breath, especially during physical activities.
Breathlessness in DKD may manifest as difficulty breathing during everyday activities, a feeling of being unable to take a deep breath, or a sense of suffocation, particularly when lying flat. It’s important to monitor these symptoms and differentiate them from respiratory issues caused by other conditions, such as asthma or heart disease. Breathlessness can significantly affect one’s quality of life, limiting the ability to engage in physical activities, causing discomfort during rest, and leading to anxiety and distress. It can also exacerbate other symptoms of DKD, creating a complex health situation.
Managing breathlessness in DKD involves addressing fluid retention and anemia. Treatment may include diuretics to reduce fluid buildup, medications or supplements for anemia, and potentially adjusting dialysis to better manage fluid balance. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a balanced diet low in sodium and engaging in light exercise to strengthen respiratory muscles, can also be beneficial. It’s crucial to have regular check-ups with healthcare providers to monitor lung function and adjust treatment as necessary. (5)
