Symptom 7: Seizures
Seizures may not be present in the early stages of MLD, but as the disease progresses, they may manifest. At first, the seizures may be relatively mild. An individual might display brief episodes of staring blankly, uncontrolled twitching, or subtle changes in behavior. These types of seizures, often termed “absence seizures” or “partial seizures,” can be easy to overlook.
As MLD continues its course, the intensity and frequency of the seizures may escalate. Affected individuals may start to experience convulsive seizures, characterized by violent shaking and loss of consciousness. These seizures can last for a few seconds to several minutes and can be quite frightening to witness.
The root cause of seizures in MLD is the buildup of sulfatides within the nerve cells. These fatty substances disrupt the normal functioning of the brain, causing abnormal electrical discharges. These discharges can lead to the temporary changes in body movement, sensation, behavior, or consciousness that we recognize as seizures.
Early recognition of seizure activity is essential for proper management and treatment. Any episode that resembles a seizure should prompt immediate medical attention. It’s also crucial to remember that seizures are not exclusive to MLD and can be a symptom of numerous neurological conditions. Therefore, a thorough medical evaluation is necessary to identify the root cause.
In the context of MLD, managing seizures becomes part of the overall treatment plan. This usually involves medication to control the abnormal electrical activity in the brain and reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. As with all symptoms of MLD, the main goal is to improve the quality of life for those affected by this disorder. (7)
