Cause 4. Gastric Surgery: A Double-Edged Sword
Gastric surgery, such as gastric bypass or gastrectomy, can have unintended consequences when it comes to pernicious anemia. These surgical procedures can lead to a reduced production of intrinsic factor, impaired absorption of vitamin B12, or both. As a result, individuals who have undergone gastric surgery may be at an increased risk of developing pernicious anemia.
Gastric bypass surgery, for example, involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting it directly to the small intestine. This procedure bypasses a significant portion of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine, where vitamin B12 absorption typically occurs. Consequently, individuals who have undergone this procedure may struggle to absorb sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 from their diet.
In the case of gastrectomy, a partial or complete removal of the stomach can lead to a decrease in the production of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption. With reduced levels of intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia can develop.
To address the risk of pernicious anemia following gastric surgery, healthcare providers often recommend regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels and supplementation as needed. This proactive approach can help prevent the development of pernicious anemia and ensure that patients maintain optimal red blood cell production. (4)
