2. Viral vs. Bacterial Pharyngitis – Key Differences
Discerning between viral and bacterial pharyngitis is critical for appropriate treatment. Viral pharyngitis, more common, often accompanies colds or flu. Its symptoms are usually milder and include a scratchy throat and mild discomfort.
Bacterial pharyngitis, though less common, tends to be more severe. The most common bacterial cause is group A streptococcus. Its symptoms often include a sudden, severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and sometimes fever and swollen lymph nodes.
Understanding these differences aids in avoiding unnecessary treatments, such as antibiotics for viral infections. Misuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance, making them ineffective when genuinely needed. Recognizing the type of pharyngitis also helps in estimating the duration of illness and potential complications.
The diagnostic process involves a throat swab. A rapid strep test can quickly identify strep throat, the bacterial form of pharyngitis. If the test is negative but suspicion remains high, a culture might be done. These tests are crucial in guiding the treatment plan. (2)
