Diagnosis
The diagnosis is essentially clinical: it is based on the presence of characteristic symptoms (angina, swollen lymph nodes, rash, scaling of the skin, high fever).
However, it is possible to take a rapid strep test that involves swabbing the throat and testing the swab. It shows if group A strep is causing the illness and confirms the diagnosis in case of doubt. The doctor takes a sample from the tonsils with a large cotton swab and places it in a tube with a special liquid. A strip is then dipped in and, depending on the color of the strip, it is possible to tell whether the angina is caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus or not.
The level of antistreptolysin O can also be measured. Streptolysin is an enzyme secreted by group A streptococcus.
When To Seek Urgent Help?
Medical consultation is necessary to confirm that the symptoms observed are those of scarlet fever. Most cases will clear up on their own but certain signs that appear should alert and require an emergency consultation:
- A fever higher than 104°F / 40°C;
- Drowsiness;
- Unexplained crying of the child;
- Purplish spots on the skin;
- A deterioration of the general state of health;
- Severe headaches or stiff neck;
- Dehydration;
- Vomiting and/or diarrhea;
- Difficulty breathing.
-
Extra care should be taken if the child has a chronic illness. A febrile seizure is possible in young children, especially if the fever is very high. These convulsions are usually harmless and do not affect the child’s brain.
