Cause 2. Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Critical Nutrient for Red Blood Cells
Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in the production of red blood cells. A deficiency can lead to a specific form of severe anemia known as pernicious anemia. This condition can result from inadequate dietary intake of vitamin B12, malabsorption issues, or an autoimmune response that targets the cells responsible for B12 absorption.
Insufficient dietary intake of vitamin B12 is more common among vegetarians and vegans since the nutrient is primarily found in animal products. However, some fortified cereals and plant-based milk products also contain B12, so careful meal planning can help ensure adequate intake.
Malabsorption of vitamin B12 can occur due to a variety of factors. Some people have an autoimmune condition called pernicious anemia. It is where the body attacks the cells in the stomach responsible for producing a protein called intrinsic factor. This factor is necessary for B12 absorption. Other causes of B12 malabsorption include gastrointestinal surgeries, such as gastric bypass, or conditions like celiac disease and Crohn’s disease that affect the small intestine.
Finally, certain medications can interfere with B12 absorption, such as proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, and metformin. If you’re taking any of these medications and are concerned about your B12 levels, it’s important to discuss your concerns with your healthcare provider. (2)
