2. Cognitive Decline – The Stealthy Indicator of Small Vessel Disease
Cognitive decline, characterized by gradual memory loss and diminished cognitive function, is another prominent symptom associated with SVD. When we speak of cognitive decline, it’s important to understand that we’re not referring to the minor forgetfulness that often comes with aging. Rather, this refers to a significant and noticeable reduction in cognitive abilities, often impacting daily life and activities.
As SVD affects the small vessels in the brain, it should come as no surprise that cognitive abilities can be affected. These small vessels are responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to brain cells, and when these vessels are compromised, it can lead to cell damage or death. This process can result in a significant reduction in cognitive abilities, ranging from memory loss to problems with attention and concentration.
Moreover, the impact of SVD on cognitive function isn’t limited to memory loss alone. It can lead to difficulties with decision-making, trouble solving problems, and a decreased ability to think critically or logically. In severe cases, these cognitive symptoms can escalate to dementia, particularly vascular dementia, which is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease.
In the initial stages of cognitive decline, individuals may start forgetting recent events or conversations. They may also struggle with tasks that require planning or organizing. However, because these symptoms can be easily dismissed as typical signs of aging, it’s crucial to understand that consistent and progressive memory loss or cognitive impairment isn’t normal and warrants medical attention. (2)
