Sign 5. Breathing Problems – The Silent Threat of ALS
As ALS progresses, it can begin to affect the muscles involved in breathing, leading to various respiratory issues. This symptom, often a later sign of the disease, can manifest as shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or feeling out of breath after minimal exertion.
Breathing problems in ALS occur due to the weakening of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, those that control the lungs and chest cavity. These muscles are vital for effective respiration, and as they deteriorate, they make it increasingly challenging for the individual to inhale and exhale adequately.
In the early stages, individuals might notice they’re becoming winded more quickly during exercise or physical activity. As the disease progresses, breathing difficulties may occur during less strenuous activities and even while at rest.
Individuals may wake up frequently during the night or have difficulty getting a full night’s sleep due to these breathing issues. It’s also not uncommon for people to experience feelings of anxiety or panic as a result of not being able to breathe properly.
In severe cases of ALS, individuals might require mechanical ventilation assistance to help them breathe. This can take the form of non-invasive ventilation, such as using a mask or nasal device, or invasive ventilation via a tracheostomy, where a hole is made in the windpipe to allow for the attachment of a ventilator. (5)
