Cause 7: Infections
Bacterial and Viral Invaders Disrupting Red Blood Cell Health
Various infections, both bacterial and viral, can cause hemolytic anemia by triggering the immune system to attack and destroy red blood cells. Examples of infections that can lead to hemolytic anemia include malaria, babesiosis, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
In the case of malaria, the Plasmodium parasites invade and multiply within red blood cells, eventually causing them to rupture and release more parasites into the bloodstream. This process leads to hemolysis and subsequent anemia. In babesiosis, a tick-borne infection, the Babesia parasites similarly invade and destroy red blood cells.
Treatment for infection-induced hemolytic anemia involves addressing the underlying infection through the use of appropriate antibiotics, antiviral medications, or antimalarial drugs. In severe cases, blood transfusions may be necessary to help manage the anemia.
Early recognition of the signs and symptoms of infection-related hemolytic anemia and prompt initiation of treatment are crucial for reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes. (6)
