Cause 7. Inherited Blood Disorders: The Genetic Link to IDA
In some cases, the root of iron deficiency anemia can be found in a person’s genetic makeup. Inherited blood disorders, such as thalassemia or sideroblastic anemia, can interfere with the body’s ability to produce hemoglobin or use iron correctly, leading to IDA.
These genetic conditions result in abnormal or insufficient red blood cell production, leading to anemia and depleted iron stores. They are often diagnosed in childhood, but in milder cases, they may not be detected until adulthood. Symptoms can vary widely but often include fatigue, weakness, and in severe cases, organ damage.
Inherited blood disorders represent a complex cause of IDA because they typically require ongoing, often lifelong, management. This usually involves regular blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy to manage iron levels, and sometimes stem cell transplants. These advanced therapies aim to address the underlying genetic abnormalities that contribute to the blood disorder and IDA.
Despite the challenges they pose, understanding these genetic conditions can open up avenues for more targeted therapies and even potential cures for IDA in the future. Moreover, genetic counseling can help families understand the risks and make informed decisions. (7)
