Cause 7: Tumors
When we think of tumors, the mind often races to dark, terrifying places. Not all tumors are malignant or cancerous, but any abnormal growth, benign or otherwise, within our body warrants attention. The salivary glands, including the parotid, aren’t exempt from the possibility of tumoral growths. Though relatively rare, when they occur, they pose a unique set of challenges and symptoms.
The parotid gland, the largest of our salivary glands, is most frequently affected by tumors. The majority of these tumors are benign, meaning they’re not cancerous and don’t spread to other parts of the body. Pleomorphic adenoma is one such common benign tumor of the parotid gland. However, even benign tumors can grow and exert pressure on adjacent structures, leading to complications.
One of the first signs of a parotid tumor is a lump or swelling in front or just below the ear, which might progress slowly. As it grows, it may press on the facial nerve, which runs through the parotid gland, causing facial weakness or paralysis on that side. Pain is not a common early symptom, but as the tumor progresses, it might cause discomfort. If the tumor is malignant, rapid growth, pain, and facial paralysis are more common.
If a tumor is suspected, prompt medical evaluation is paramount. Diagnostic tools like MRI, CT scans, and fine-needle aspiration can help determine the tumor’s nature. Treatment largely depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Surgical removal is the primary treatment modality for most parotid tumors. Radiation or chemotherapy might be needed for malignant cases.(7)
