8. Eating Changes: The Altered Appetite
Changes in eating behaviors are another key symptom of FTLD. This might seem surprising given that eating is often viewed as a physical rather than cognitive function. However, our relationship with food is complex and is influenced by multiple brain regions, including those affected by FTLD.
In the early stages, changes in eating behaviors may be subtle and might include a heightened preference for sweet foods or a tendency to eat the same food repetitively. As FTLD progresses, these changes can become more pronounced.
Some individuals might overeat, driven by an impaired sense of satiety or a compulsive need to consume food, leading to rapid weight gain. Others might develop strange food habits, such as eating food in a specific order or insisting on eating at odd hours. In some cases, individuals might also experience dysphagia or difficulties swallowing, which can pose a risk for choking or aspiration.
The alteration in eating behaviors can have a profound impact on both physical health and social interactions. Overeating can lead to obesity and associated health risks, while difficulties swallowing can increase the risk of malnutrition or aspiration pneumonia. The changes can also disrupt family routines or social occasions centered around food, leading to isolation or interpersonal conflicts.
Addressing eating changes in FTLD requires a patient, empathetic approach. Dietary modifications, like limiting access to unhealthy foods or providing smaller, more frequent meals, can help manage overeating.(8)
