2. Diverse Causes: Beyond Allergies and Infections
Eosinophilia is often linked to allergies and parasitic infections, but these are not its only triggers. Allergies can cause eosinophils to accumulate in tissues, leading to symptoms like nasal congestion and skin rashes. Parasitic infections, particularly by helminths or worms, are a significant cause in regions where these infections are endemic.
Certain medications can induce eosinophilia. This reaction can range from mild to severe, sometimes leading to a condition known as Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS). Recognizing this reaction is crucial, as it necessitates a change in medication to resolve the eosinophilia and associated symptoms.
Autoimmune conditions, where the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues, can also lead to eosinophilia. Diseases like eosinophilic esophagitis, where eosinophils accumulate in the esophagus, exemplify this. Understanding the autoimmune component of eosinophilia can significantly impact the management of these conditions.
In some cases, eosinophilia can be a marker of certain cancers. Certain types of leukemia and lymphoma can cause an increase in eosinophil count. Recognizing this link is crucial, as it can be a sign of an underlying malignancy that needs urgent attention. (2)
