Fact 7: MCI as a Risk Factor for Dementia
MCI significantly increases the risk of subsequent dementia, but it’s not a guarantee. The conversion rate from MCI to dementia is variable and dependent on a multitude of factors. For instance, the subtype of MCI plays a role in the risk of progression.
Amnestic MCI, where the primary symptom is memory loss, carries a higher risk of progressing to Alzheimer’s disease. This is particularly the case when memory loss is combined with impairments in other cognitive domains. On the other hand, non-amnestic MCI, which affects cognitive areas other than memory, such as attention or language, is less likely to progress to Alzheimer’s and more likely to progress to other types of dementia.
The timeline of progression is also highly variable. Some people with MCI may never progress to dementia, while others may do so over several years. Some may even show an improvement in their cognitive symptoms over time.
This uncertainty underscores the importance of regular monitoring of individuals with MCI. Close follow-up allows for early identification of signs of progression, facilitating prompt intervention and treatment adjustments. It also enables healthcare providers to provide ongoing education and support to patients and their families, helping them navigate the uncertainties and challenges associated with MCI. (7)
