Fact 4. Risks and Complications of Partial Thyroidectomy: The Possible Pitfalls
Like any surgical procedure, a partial thyroidectomy carries its share of risks and complications. However, with a skilled surgeon and optimal medical care, these risks can be significantly minimized.
One potential complication following a partial thyroidectomy is hypothyroidism, a condition characterized by insufficient thyroid hormone production. Even though the surgery aims to leave enough thyroid tissue to maintain normal hormone levels, sometimes, the remaining gland might not function optimally, leading to hypothyroidism.
Patients with hypothyroidism experience fatigue, weight gain, depression, and sensitivity to cold, among other symptoms. The good news is, this condition can be managed effectively with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, making it critical to monitor your thyroid function post-operatively.
In rare instances, surgical complications such as bleeding, infection, or reaction to anesthesia can occur. Your healthcare team takes several measures to minimize these risks. For example, antibiotics might be administered to prevent infection, and your medical history is thoroughly reviewed to minimize the risk of an adverse reaction to anesthesia.
The thyroid gland is nestled among several crucial structures in the neck, including the parathyroid glands that control calcium levels in the body and the recurrent laryngeal nerves that control voice. Although rare, there’s a small risk of damage to these structures during surgery.
Damage to the parathyroid glands can cause hypoparathyroidism, leading to low calcium levels, known as hypocalcemia. Symptoms include numbness, tingling, muscle cramps, and, in severe cases, seizures. However, this is usually temporary and can be managed with calcium and Vitamin D supplements. (4)
