Fact 6: Strain of the Pathogen
The strain of the pathogen causing meningitis has a substantial impact on the prognosis. Certain bacterial strains are more virulent and cause more severe disease than others. For example, meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis, also known as meningococcus, can lead to life-threatening blood infection (meningococcemia), and is associated with high fatality rates.
The virulence, or ability to cause disease, varies among different strains of the same pathogen. Some strains are notorious for causing severe disease and complications. For instance, among the several strains of Neisseria meningitidis, serogroup B, C, Y, and W are known to cause severe disease and outbreaks.
The effectiveness of the treatment also depends on the specific strain of the pathogen. Some bacterial strains have developed resistance to certain antibiotics, making treatment more challenging. Monitoring the susceptibility of the pathogen to the antibiotics used for treatment is critical for effective management of the disease.
Emerging strains of pathogens causing meningitis are a cause for concern. For example, a new strain of meningococcal bacteria (serogroup X) has been identified in Africa, which could potentially lead to large-scale outbreaks. Future prognosis will depend on monitoring these strains, understanding their potential impact, and developing effective vaccines and treatments. (6)
