Risk factor 11. Hormonal Factors – The Ties that Bind
Hormonal factors form the eleventh risk factor for thyroid cancer. This risk factor predominantly affects women, as studies have shown that hormones, particularly those associated with reproduction, can influence thyroid cancer risk.
Estrogen and progesterone, the main female sex hormones, are believed to play a role in the development and growth of thyroid cells. These hormones can promote the formation of blood vessels within the thyroid and stimulate the growth of thyroid cells, potentially increasing the chance of malignant changes.
Additionally, periods of significant hormonal change, such as pregnancy and menopause, may influence thyroid cancer risk. Some studies suggest that a history of more pregnancies is associated with a higher risk of thyroid cancer.
However, the relationship between thyroid cancer and hormonal factors is complex and not fully understood. While hormonal factors may increase risk, their role in thyroid cancer development is likely intermingled with numerous other genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. (11)
