Cause 3: Environmental Triggers: The Impact of Our Surroundings
The third cause of ulcerative colitis we’ll discuss is the role of environmental factors. While it may seem surprising, the environment we live in and the lifestyle choices we make can significantly influence our risk of developing UC.
Certain dietary habits, for instance, have been associated with an increased risk of UC. These include a diet high in fat and sugar and low in fruits and vegetables. It’s hypothesized that such diets can alter the gut microbiome and cause inflammation, leading to UC.
Exposure to certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, and oral contraceptives, has also been linked to an increased risk of UC. These medications can disrupt the balance of the gut microbiome and impair the gut barrier, contributing to the development of the disease.
Smoking status is another environmental factor that influences UC risk, but in a somewhat counterintuitive way. Unlike most other health conditions where smoking increases risk, smokers are less likely to develop UC. This doesn’t mean smoking is protective, though. Smoking cessation in individuals with UC can lead to a flare-up of symptoms. (3)
