Cause 10. Infections: The Unseen Aggravator of Atopic Dermatitis
Infections, while not a direct cause of atopic dermatitis, play a significant role in the severity and progression of the condition. People with atopic dermatitis have a higher propensity for skin infections, primarily due to the compromised skin barrier and alterations in the skin microbiome associated with the condition. Understanding this connection can provide valuable insights into managing and controlling atopic dermatitis more effectively.
The skin, being the body’s first line of defense, serves as a protective barrier against a myriad of pathogens. However, in atopic dermatitis, this barrier is compromised, making the skin more susceptible to infections. Common pathogens that can infect the skin of people with atopic dermatitis include bacteria (like Staphylococcus aureus), viruses (such as herpes simplex), and fungi. These infections can exacerbate the inflammation, itchiness, and other symptoms of atopic dermatitis, leading to a vicious cycle of itching, scratching, and further skin damage.
Staphylococcus aureus, in particular, has a significant role in the infection-atopic dermatitis link. This bacterium is found on the skin of many people, but in individuals with atopic dermatitis, it’s often present in greater numbers. S. aureus can secrete toxins that can trigger an immune response, leading to increased inflammation and worsening of atopic dermatitis symptoms. Moreover, damage from scratching can provide an entry point for this bacterium, leading to more severe infections. (10)
