Fact 8: Diagnosis of HSE
Diagnosing HSE can be challenging, particularly in the early stages when symptoms resemble those of more common viral illnesses. However, specific tests can help healthcare providers identify the presence of the herpes simplex virus in the body and its involvement in the brain.
One such test is a lumbar puncture or spinal tap. This procedure involves collecting a small sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) – the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord – and testing it for signs of infection. The presence of the herpes simplex virus in the CSF is a clear indicator of HSE.
Another crucial tool for diagnosis is neuroimaging. An MRI scan can provide detailed images of the brain, highlighting areas of inflammation or damage that could be indicative of HSE. It’s particularly useful in identifying temporal lobe involvement, a common characteristic of HSE.
Blood tests can also play a role in diagnosing HSE. They can show signs of infection, such as elevated white blood cell counts, and also help rule out other potential causes of the patient’s symptoms.
While these tests can provide valuable information, speed is of the essence in diagnosing HSE. The quicker the diagnosis, the sooner treatment can begin, significantly improving the patient’s prognosis. (8)
