Cause 7. Hypothyroidism: The Metabolic Road to Hyponatremia
Hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, can be an underlying cause of hyponatremia. The thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining the body’s metabolic rate, and when its levels are low, several bodily functions can be affected, including fluid balance.
The link between hypothyroidism and hyponatremia is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve the hormone vasopressin. Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is involved in water retention in the kidneys. In hypothyroidism, the levels of vasopressin may be elevated, leading to increased water retention and dilution of sodium in the blood.
Moreover, hypothyroidism can cause a decrease in cardiac output, leading to lower blood pressure. This decrease in blood pressure can stimulate the release of ADH, further exacerbating hyponatremia.
Additionally, hypothyroidism can slow down the body’s metabolic processes, including the elimination of excess water. This slowed metabolism can lead to an accumulation of water in the body, further diluting sodium levels in the blood. (7)
