9. Swollen Ankles, Legs, and Feet: The Telltale Sign of Fluid Overload
Edema, or the swelling of ankles, legs, and feet, is another cardinal symptom in the progression of CHF. When the heart’s pumping efficiency declines, the kidney, sensing lower blood flow, reacts by retaining more sodium and water in a well-intentioned but ultimately harmful attempt to boost blood volume.
As fluid accumulates, the delicate balance of pressures in your capillaries, tiny blood vessels responsible for fluid exchange, is disrupted. Instead of maintaining a steady state, these capillaries start to leak fluid into surrounding tissues, leading to visible swelling. In CHF, this is most pronounced in lower extremities, owing to gravity’s influence.
However, it’s worth noting that swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet isn’t exclusive to CHF. It can also be a symptom of other conditions, including kidney disease, liver disease, or simply prolonged standing or sitting. Yet, when accompanied by other symptoms like breathlessness, fatigue, or palpitations, it strengthens the case for CHF.
If you notice unusual or persistent swelling in your lower extremities, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider. This seemingly innocuous symptom could be a window into the inner workings of your cardiovascular system, potentially revealing significant conditions like CHF. (9)
