Type 2. Vascular Dementia: A Matter of Circulation
Following Alzheimer’s, the next contender in the list of dementia types is vascular dementia. This form of dementia is the second most common, and it holds a unique position due to its correlation with circulatory conditions. Vascular dementia arises when there’s bleeding or a blood vessel blockage in the brain, disrupting the smooth flow of blood and starving brain cells of the oxygen and nutrients they need to function.
The onset of vascular dementia often follows a stroke. However, it’s essential to note that not everyone who suffers a stroke will develop dementia. The risk depends on various factors, including the stroke’s severity, the person’s overall health, and their genetic predisposition.
The symptoms of vascular dementia can vary widely, depending on the brain regions affected by poor blood flow. However, some common signs include confusion, disorientation, and difficulty speaking or understanding speech. These symptoms mirror those of Alzheimer’s but often occur suddenly following a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Vascular dementia can also trigger problems with balance and mobility. The person might have an unsteady gait, a shuffle-like walk, or experience frequent falls. They may struggle with tasks that require coordination, like tying shoelaces or buttoning a shirt.
Another facet of vascular dementia is the effect on a person’s ability to plan, organize, and make decisions. Tasks that require logical thinking and problem-solving can become increasingly challenging. The person might struggle with balancing a checkbook, planning a meal, or following a series of instructions. (2)
