Type 3. Lewy Body Dementia: The Unseen Invader
Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) is another key player in the world of dementia. It’s the third most common type of dementia and is characterized by abnormal microscopic deposits that damage brain cells over time. These deposits, called Lewy bodies, are named after Dr. Friedrich Lewy, who first discovered them while researching Parkinson’s disease.
LBD often presents with a combination of cognitive, physical, sleep, and behavioral symptoms that fluctuate in severity. One distinctive feature of LBD is the presence of visual hallucinations, which can be one of the first symptoms. Individuals may see shapes, animals, or people that aren’t there, causing great distress.
Another unique feature of LBD is the fluctuation in cognitive abilities. Unlike Alzheimer’s, where cognitive decline is steady and progressive, people with LBD experience good days and bad days.
On good days, they may appear almost as their usual selves, with their memory and concentration relatively intact. On bad days, they may have severe memory lapses and struggle with attention and alertness.
Physical symptoms similar to those seen in Parkinson’s disease are also common in LBD. These can include a shuffling walk, balance problems, and rigid muscles. Such symptoms can lead to difficulties with movement and increased risk of falls, significantly impacting the person’s mobility and independence.
Sleep disturbances are another common aspect of LBD. People with this type of dementia often have problems with sleep regulation, experiencing excessive daytime drowsiness, insomnia, or restless leg syndrome. More distinctively, they may experience REM sleep behavior disorder, wherein they physically act out their dreams, potentially leading to injuries. (3)
